What's the Difference Between Income and Accumulation Funds?

What Is the Difference Between Income and Accumulation Funds?

If you invest in funds rather than individual stocks and shares, you’ll almost certainly know that in many cases you can choose between two options, income or accumulation. Today I thought I’d explain what this difference is and share a few thoughts on the subject. I will be referring to my own experiences in this regard.

But to start by answering the question in the title, the difference between income and accumulation Funds is basically as follows:

Income Funds pay any income generated by your investments as, well, income. The money will appear in your account ready for you to withdraw (or reinvest). Or it may simply be paid directly into your bank account if you prefer.

Accumulation Funds, on the other hand, use any income generated by your investments to buy more units in the fund concerned. Your holding in an accumulation fund (and its value) should therefore build over time. But you won’t typically receive any income from the fund.

You might therefore think that if you want to draw an income from your investment, an income fund is the way to go. In practice it’s not as simple as that, though. For one thing, if you want to withdraw money from an accumulation fund, you always have the option to sell some of your holding, and there can be significant advantages to proceeding this way.

I will discuss this in more detail below, focusing on my personal pension as an example. Of course, everyone’s circumstances are different, so the decisions I took (and am still taking) may not be right for you. But I hope it will give you food for thought.

Why My SIPP is Mostly in Accumulation Funds

Regular readers will know that for some years I saved for my pension in the form of a SIPP (Self Invested Personal Pension). I use the Bestinvest platform for this and have always researched and chosen my investments myself. My SIPP currently has 14 funds in it. You can see a screen capture below.

SIPP Funds

As you can see, most of these are accumulation (Acc) funds with a couple of income (Inc) funds. While I was building my pot it seemed sensible to put most of my money into accumulation funds.

  • I am not by any stretch claiming that this is a ‘model portfolio’ that anyone else should emulate. I picked these funds based on recommendations I read in the press (and online) at the time, and there may well be better options now. I aimed to diversify as broadly as possible across different market sectors, geographical areas, investment types, and so on.

I put my SIPP into drawdown three years ago and now take £200 a month from it. I did consider switching to income funds at that time, but after careful thought (and research) decided against this.

The small number of income funds in my portfolio don’t typically generate enough to cover my monthly withdrawals. So each month I log in to my online dashboard and sell the necessary amount from whatever fund I pick that month. I must admit there is nothing very scientific about this. I typically just sell from funds I already have large holdings in.

Obviously having to do this every month is a minor hassle. However, in my view it has advantages as well. If you hold mainly income funds, the money they generate will vary from month to month. Sometimes there might not be enough to cover your monthly drawings, meaning you would still have to sell some funds anyway. Conversely, there might be months when more income is generated than you need, so you would end up with ‘spare’ money sitting in your account and not working for you.

Overall, then, I like having my SIPP money in accumulation funds because each month I can sell enough to cover my drawings that month, no more and no less. All the rest of the income that is generated by my accumulation funds is automatically reinvested.

Interestingly, despite the fact that my annual withdrawals amount to almost 6% of the value of my portfolio, the overall value of my SIPP has continued to grow since I put it into drawdown three years ago (see graph below). I am not convinced that would be the case if I had switched to income funds across the board.

Bestinvest SIPP July 2021

  • The standard advice is that you should withdraw no more than 4% of your portfolio each year to try to preserve its value. I have actually been taking nearly 50% more than that in the middle of a pandemic, and yet the overall value has still gone up by almost £4,000 in the last year alone. Obviously past performance is no guarantee of what may happen in future, but it is certainly food for thought.

Further Thoughts

Of course, pension funds aren’t the only sort of investment where this applies. You could, for example, be investing in a tax-free ISA, and again face the choice between income and accumulation funds. If you are aiming to build a pot, there is (of course) a strong argument for going with accumulation funds. But even if you want an income, the arguments above on behalf of accumulation funds still apply.

One further consideration is tax. If you are investing via a SIPP or ISA (or some other tax-efficient wrapper) this obviously won’t be an issue. But if you’re investing outside one of these, you do need to be aware of the tax implications.

With an income fund it’s fairly straightforward. The money you receive will count as taxable income (or taxable dividends in some cases) and be taxed accordingly.

With an accumulation fund, it’s more complicated. The income that is rolled up and reinvested is known as a ‘notional distribution’ and you will still be liable to pay tax on it at the appropriate time. This is explained in more detail in this excellent article from Shares Magazine.

As I say, investing outside a tax-efficient wrapper can be complicated, especially with accumulation funds. I would therefore recommend taking professional advice if you find yourself in this position. Ideally, though, ensure all your money is invested within a tax-free wrapper (SIPP, ISA, etc.). You won’t then have to worry about tax at all!

I hope you have found this post of interest. Whether you agree or disagree with my approach, I’d love to hear from you. Please leave any comments or questions below as usual.

Disclaimer: I am not a qualified financial adviser and nothing in this article should be construed as personal financial advice. All investment carries a risk of loss. You should always do your own ‘due diligence’ before investing, and seek professional advice if in any doubt before proceeding.

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My Short Break in Llanbedrog

My Short Break in Llanbedrog

I recently returned from a three-day break in Llanbedrog. This is a village on the Llyn (or Lleyn) Peninsula in NW Wales. It was the first time I had been to Llanbedrog, although I have holidayed in North Wales quite often.

This was also the first time I had stayed at an Airbnb property. I did try last year but was scuppered by the pandemic, so had a refund voucher I needed to use up. The place I stayed was a room/apartment attached to a private house, but self-contained with its own front door. I’ll say more about it below.

Llanbedrog itself is by the coast, roughly half way between Pwllheli (famed for its Butlins camp, now run by Haven Holidays) and trendy Abersoch. Here is a map of the area from Google Maps.

Accommodation

As mentioned, I stayed at an Airbnb property in Llanbedrog. Under Airbnb’s rules I’m not supposed to reveal exactly where it was, but the location was certainly convenient. It was about 100 yards from the main road and 150 from one of the two local pubs. The beach was around ten minutes’ walk away.

You can read more about the place I stayed on this page of the Airbnb website (you can also read my post about booking a holiday with Airbnb here). It consisted of a large bedroom-cum-sitting room, along with a bathroom with excellent walk-in shower. There was also a kitchenette area with a toaster, fridge, sink, coffee-making machine and so on, but no actual cooking facilities (there wouldn’t have been room for them). For a short stay that wasn’t a problem, though. On two nights my Airbnb host, Jem, kindly cooked main meals for me for a modest extra fee. And on the other night I went to the local pub, which was very good as well 🙂

My room had a stunning view across the hosts’ beautiful garden with the sea in the background (see photo below). Another thing I enjoyed was that the garden was home to a colony of wild rabbits. They looked very cute and provided an entertaining all-day cabaret!

Llanbedrog01

The apartment had free wifi which worked perfectly during my stay (not always the case in my experience). The location was quiet and peaceful, and I slept very well.

Financials

As Pounds and Sense is primarily a money blog, I should say a few words about this.

I paid a total of £344.98 for my three-night stay. This was made up as follows:

  • £91.67 x 3 nights = £275
  • Cleaning fee £20
  • Service Fee (which goes to Airbnb) £49.98

I was charged an initial deposit of £112.50, with the balance taken from my card a fortnight before my visit. As mentioned, some of the cost was covered by a refund from a booking I made with Airbnb in 2020 which had to be cancelled.

So the total price worked out to £115 a day. Obviously that’s not cheap, but prices across the board have risen due to Covid and the additional cleaning and other precautions property owners have to take. I thought it was very reasonable bearing in mind the high standard of the accommodation and the convenience of the location.

Things to Do

I won’t give you a blow-by-blow account of what I did while I was there, but here are a few highlights.

Plas yn Rhiw

This National Trust property is about 7 miles from Llanbedrog. It’s pretty remote, and I was glad to have my satnav to guide me. At one point I drove through a tiny hamlet and some children waved at me as I passed. That was a first for me!

Plas yn Rhiw is a 16th century manor house (with Georgian additions) overlooking the sea. Unfortunately due to Covid only the ground floor was open to visitors. This was basically three rooms, all roped off so you had to look at them from a distance. As you may imagine, it didn’t take me very long to go round. I did though have a nice chat with the National Trust lady who was in the kitchen. She told me about the paraffin cooking range from the 1950s (see photo below). There must have been quite a smell in the house when this was going!

llanbedrog02

The house also has some beautiful formal gardens (see photo below). And, naturally, there is a tea room. I enjoyed an excellent cappuccino with a jam and cream scone here. As I chose to sit inside (it was raining a bit at this point) I had to complete a Covid tracking form. That was no great hardship, of course.

llanbedrog03

Overall I enjoyed my visit to Play yn Rhiw even though the restrictions were frustrating. I would like to go back there again when things are more normal and see the rest of the house.

Oriel Plas Glyn y Weddw

This gothic-styled mansion built in 1857 is in Llanbedrog and was five minutes walk from where I was staying.

Nowadays the building is used as an art gallery and museum. It also has an excellent cafe attached which I visited twice during my stay. It’s free to enter and certainly worth a visit if you are staying in the Llanbedrog area. The gallery hosts a permanent collection of Welsh porcelain (said to be among the finest in Wales) along with exhibitions of works by local artists.

Oriel Plas Glyn y Weddw also has some beautiful gardens and an outdoor theatre, which had some shows advertised for later in the year (though not during my visit). In the grounds there is also this carriage from the horse-drawn tramway which used to run from Pwllheli to Llanbedrog. Apparently this was a popular tourist attraction until the track was damaged by a heavy storm in the 1930s and subsequently abandoned.

llanbedrog04

Llanbedrog Beach

As mentioned, the beach (see cover photo) was about ten minutes’ walk from my apartment. It was sandy and quiet, and offered a perfect place for children to play. The beach huts were well maintained and picturesque. There was also a beach bar serving drinks and snacks all day (though not in the evening). I didn’t go here in the end as it was quite small and I felt a bit awkward about taking up a table on my own when families were queuing up. I did hear good reports about it, though, and it was certainly a lovely location (see photo).

llanbedrog05

Final Thoughts

As you may gather, I enjoyed my short break in Llanbedrog, and am happy to recommend both the town and the accommodation where I stayed for a short break. Llanbedrog is a lovely place to relax and chill out, and with its beautiful beach could also be a good destination for families with young children. Older children and teenagers might find the lack of other entertainments a bit limiting though.

As for me, this was the first time I had been away since last autumn. After many months of lockdown, I really appreciated the sea air and (mostly) sunshine, and of course the much-needed change of scene. I definitely plan to return there before too long.

As always, if you have any comments or questions about this post, please do leave them below.

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How to Get Free Baby Stuff

Guest Post: How to Get Free Baby Stuff

Today I have a (sponsored) guest post for you from my friends at Just Free Stuff.

They reveal some great ways you can get your hands on free and discounted baby products. Even though I know many PAS readers are beyond the age of having babies, many will have children (or grandchildren) who are now parents themselves. We all know having children is costly, so any help with saving money is always appreciated!

Over to Just Free Stuff then…


 

Looking for freebies is a growing trend in the UK and it’s easy to understand why.

Young mothers especially need help finding where and how to get the best baby free samples or other baby free stuff such as coupons, information, and so on. So, having been there ourselves, we decided to create this mini-guide, hoping you will enjoy it.

What Do We Mean by Free Baby Stuff?

Free baby stuff may include promo offers (e.g. get one and receive the second for free), money-off coupons, free samples or even information on where to go and buy baby products cheaply. The Internet is full of websites and blogs on this subject and it can become quite confusing. So we wrote this to give you a place to start.

Our Top Three Baby Freebie Sites

There are all sorts of freebie offers out there, some better than others, so we thought we should provide a short list of sites that include only the best. We will keep this updated when new offers arise, but right now you can check out our top three below.

Offer Oasis – This well-established website offers free samples and discount coupons. It also provides lots of valuable information on subjects related to the early months or years of a baby’s life, most-used products, etc. It also gives a helping hand through its online community of parents who discuss and advise or simply share their experiences, from which you can gain much free knowledge. Cherry on top: membership of this site is totally FREE.

Amazon Family – Amazon Prime members get access to this programme that offers a range of benefits to parents of babies and young children. They offer up to 20% discounts on most common baby products such as nappies and baby food, as well as up to 15% discounts on repeat deliveries. You do have to join Amazon Prime to get access to Amazon Family, but this brings many benefits in itself, including free, next-day delivery of many items.

Just Free Stuff – What could be the third option but our very own website? We post offers we find available in our Baby Free Samples category. You might want to come back and check out the newest additions to the list as they always appear on the top.

Why Do Companies Give Away Free Baby Stuff?

Free samples or promo offers for current or new products are a popular marketing strategy. Companies keep using them as they are known to be very effective. Why? Businesses need to create a loyal customer base. For this, they need customers to keep buying their products and not switch to competitors. So offering some products in special promos is a reward to customers for their loyalty and (hopefully) keeps them engaged with and enthusiastic about the company.

Also, new products are being developed every day and companies need customers to try them. So why not give away small quantities for free? A customer might think twice before spending money to try out a new product, as they may feel safer with products they have always used. But trying for free is something almost anyone would do. That is why there are always so many free samples and promo offers out there, and why there always will be. So do keep going back to check out the latest ones.


 

Many thanks to Free Stuff UK for sharing their tips and advice today. If you have any comments or questions – or other tips for saving money on baby products – please do share them below as usual.

Disclosure: this is a sponsored post for which I am receiving a fee.

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My Coronavirus Crisis Experience - July 2021 Update

My Coronavirus Crisis Experience – July 2021 Update

Another month has passed, so it’s time for another Coronavirus Crisis Update. Regular readers will know I’ve been posting these since the first lockdown started in March 2020 (you can read my June 2021 update here if you like).

As ever, I will begin by discussing financial matters and then life more generally over the last few weeks.

Financial

I’ll begin as usual with my Nutmeg stocks and shares ISA, as I know many of you like to hear what is happening with this.

As the screenshot below shows, my main portfolio performed pretty well in June. It is currently valued at £21,045. Last month it stood at £20,435, so overall it has gone up by £610. I am happy with that, obviously.

Nutmeg June 2021 Main

Apart from my main portfolio, I also have a second pot using Nutmeg’s new Smart Alpha option. I added another £500 to this in June, bringing the total invested to £2,500. This pot is now worth £2,635, compared with £2,060 last month. Disregarding the extra £500 investment, this pot is therefore now £135 in profit compared with £60 a month ago, an increase of £75. So again I am quite happy with that. Here is a screen capture showing performance in June 2021. As you will see, my £500 investment was credited to the account on 20 June 2021.

Nutmeg Smart Alpha June 2021

You can read my full Nutmeg review here (including a special offer at the end for PAS readers). If you are looking for a home for your 2021/22 ISA allowance, based on my experience they are certainly worth considering.

  • If you haven’t yet seen it, check out also my recent blog post in which I looked at the performance of Nutmeg fully managed portfolios at every risk level from 1 to 10 (my main port is level 9). I was actually amazed by the difference the risk level you choose makes.

Regular readers will know that this year I am using Assetz Exchange for my IFISA. This is a P2P property investment platform that focuses on lower-risk properties (e.g. sheltered housing on long leases). I put £100 into this in mid-February and another £400 in April. Touch wood, everything has been going well, so in June I added another £500, bringing my total investment on the platform up to £1,000.

Since I opened my account, my portfolio has generated £8.38 in revenue from rental and £58.61 in capital growth, for a total return of £66.99. Here’s my current statement in case you’re interested:

Assetz Exchange portfolio July 2021

The eagle-eyed among you may notice that although I have now put £1,000 into Assetz Exchange, only just over £800 of investments are listed above. The balance is still in my account waiting to be invested. The truth is that Assetz Exchange has been, to a degree, a victim of its own success. Over the last few weeks (my contacts at AE tell me) they have had a big influx of new members and all available investments are being quickly snapped up. New projects are coming on stream all the time, however, and AE are limiting how much members can invest in the first few weeks so that everyone has a fair chance to purchase a share. And as time goes on more members may opt to offer their shares for sale on the exchange, opening up additional opportunities for would-be buyers.

I am investing relatively modest amounts in new projects as they come onto the platform and expect to be fully invested by the end of this month. Indeed, I could be already if I chose, but I am following my strategy of diversifying as widely as possible, so don’t invest more than around £100 in any one project. As you can see, I already have a well-diversified portfolio with 19 different projects. This is a particular attraction of Assetz Exchange in my view. You can actually invest from as little as 80p per property if you really want to proceed cautiously.

As mentioned above, my investment on Assetz Exchange is in the form of an IFISA so there won’t be any tax to pay on profits, dividends or capital gains. I’ve been impressed by my experiences with Assetz Exchange and the returns generated so far, and intend to continue investing with them. You can read my full review of Assetz Exchange here if you like. You can also sign up for an account on Assetz Exchange directly via this link [affiliate].

Lastly in this section, I wanted to say that the low-key sideline-earning opportunity I have mentioned in previous updates has reopened for new members, with slightly different terms (see below). About a dozen PAS readers (including my sister Annie) have already signed up to this and are enjoying a hassle-free monthly sideline income.

The opportunity is based on matched betting, a sideline I have been pursuing for several years myself. I was asked not to divulge too many details about it publicly, for good reasons I will explain privately to anyone who may be interested (and no, it’s not illegal!). It doesn’t require any financial outlay and is risk-free and entirely hands-off (once you have set up your account). No knowledge of betting is required and you don’t have to place any bets yourself (this is all done by the company’s clever software). You just have to set up a separate bank account for bets to go through, but running the account is entirely financed by the company.

As I said above, the company has changed its terms somewhat for new members. You now get a larger £!00 initial payment once your account is up and running, and then £25 every month you remain a member. I think this is a good move personally, as setting up the account does involve a little work on your part (though it’s certainly not rocket science). So the £100 in effect compensates you for that, and once it’s done you continue to get £25 a month for no effort at all. As a matter of interest, the company is constantly developing its offering and just about to launch a new mobile-friendly site to make it even easier for new members to sign up (once you’re up and running you shouldn’t need to use the website at all),

Please note that this opportunity is only open to honest, trustworthy people who haven’t done matched betting before and have no more than two accounts already with online bookmakers. For more information (and to receive a no-obligation invitation) drop me a line including your email address via my Contact Me page. And yes, I will receive a reward for introducing you, but this will not affect the service or the rewards you receive.

  • Finally, in the interests of full transparency, I should say that if you do matched betting yourself, you may be able to make more money than what is being offered by the company. However, you will have to research this in detail, place all bets yourself, and probably subscribe to a matched betting advisory service such as Profit Accumulator [affiliate link]. This opportunity is really for those who want an easy way to make some extra money without the hassle (or expense) of learning/applying matched-betting methods themselves.

Personal

Of course, the big news this week is that so-called Freedom Day is set to happen on 19th July 2021. Most of the legal restrictions on our lives, including mandatory masks and social distancing, are set to be lifted then.

Regular readers of this blog (and my social media) may not be surprised to hear that I’m in favour of this. Indeed, I think it should already have happened. In particular, I am glad that the mask mandate is being scrapped and the decision to wear one (or not) will be left to individuals. Unsurprisingly this decision has caused some controversy, but personally I have always felt that the harms of masks to people’s physical and mental health greatly outweigh any potential benefits. And despite much hot air being expended on the subject, the evidence they do anything to reduce transmission of the virus in real world settings is – as England’s Deputy Chief Medical Officer has admitted – weak at best.

I also regularly see misuse of masks and other face coverings, which in my view makes them a hazard to both the wearer and those around them. That includes masks being endlessly re-used and kept in pockets and handbags when not required. I have lost count of the number of people I see in shops fiddling with their masks and then touching products on the shelves, potentially passing the virus on. It doesn’t surprise me at all that those US states which stopped mandating masks months ago have all seen dramatic drops in case numbers. There is every chance the same thing will happen here.

  • And then of course there is the small matter of the billions of tons of plastic pollution from masks (including particles of potentially carcinogenic microplastics) clogging up our oceans and littering our pavements, roads and countryside.

So, as you may imagine, I do not intend to continue wearing a mask or any other form of face covering after the 19th. Even if they worked, which I highly doubt, the benefits are extremely marginal (one study estimated that if infection levels are relatively low, 200,000 people would need to wear a mask to prevent ONE case of the virus being transmitted – and that figure optimistically assumes that masks reduce the risk of transmission by 40%). I have no objection at all to other people continuing to wear masks if it gives them reassurance (or a sense of moral superiority). But even though I am 65 and suffer from a long-term lung condition, I absolutely don’t want or expect anybody to wear one for my supposed benefit.

Moving on, I have just returned from a short break in Llanbedrog in North Wales. I won’t say too much about this now, as I plan to write a separate blog post about it soon. But it was a relaxing and restorative break and I felt much better for it. I stayed in this Airbnb apartment (you can read my post about booking a holday with Airbnb here if you like). I had never been to Llanbedrog before but would definitely like to return before too long. There is a picture of the beach and headland (which I climbed) in the cover image.

Also in June I met up with various friends I hadn’t seen for some time for pub lunches and other social events. I am doing more driving now, and noticing increasing amounts of traffic on the roads. Also, sad to say, I am seeing some very poor driving, including one collision (which thankfully didn’t involve me). I suspect many people have got out of practice at driving during lockdown, so please do be extra careful out there 😮

On the entertainment front, I finally got around to subscribing to Britbox in June. They had a special offer of one month free followed by three months at half price and I decided that was too good to ignore (I think that offer is closed now – sorry).

The Avengers

I haven’t really used it much yet, but have enjoyed watching (or re-watching) some old episodes of The Avengers with Diana Rigg and Patrick Macnee (pictured above). Last night I watched The House That Jack Built, one of the all-time classic episodes (even though it’s in black and white).

I am also planning to watch some of the original Doctor Who stories, and the three series of the political drama House of Cards featuring the inimitable Ian Richardson (“You might very well think that; I couldn’t possibly comment”). I understand that Britbox also have Dennis Potter’s Lipstick on My Collar coming up shortly and am looking forward to watching that too.

Whether I will stick with Britbox once my trial offer is over I am not sure. The big attraction for me is the classic series. While they do have some new material on offer as well, there isn’t much that has really piqued my interest. Still, I have four months before I need to decide about that 🙂

I plan to do one further Coronavirus Crisis Update next month. Assuming Freedom Day does go ahead on 19th July as planned, I think that will be a suitable point to stop. I will probably continue with monthly investment updates, and may also do more personal/general ones as and when the occasion arises.

As always, I hope you are staying safe and sane during these challenging times. If you have any comments or questions, please do post them below.

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