In the world of investing, there’s a powerful force that has the potential to turn small contributions into substantial wealth over time.
This force is known as compounding, and when combined with the magic of compound interest, it becomes a powerful tool for building wealth and long-term financial success.
For savers and investors, harnessing the power of compounding can be the key to achieving your financial goals.
The Basics of Compounding
Compounding is a simple yet highly effective concept that involves earning interest on both your initial investment and the accumulated interest from previous periods. In other words, it’s the process of generating earnings on an asset’s reinvested earnings. The longer your money remains invested, the more significant the compounding effect becomes.
Let’s consider a hypothetical scenario to illustrate the point. If you invest £1,000 with an annual interest rate of 5%, you would earn £50 in the first year. In the second year, however, you wouldn’t just earn interest on your initial £1,000, you would also earn interest on the £50 you earned in the first year (at 5% that would be another £2.50). Over time, this compounding effect can result in exponential growth.
The Magic of Compound Interest
Compound interest takes compounding to the next level. Unlike simple interest, where you only earn interest on the principal amount, compound interest allows you to earn interest on both the principal and the previously earned interest. This compounding occurs at regular intervals, such as annually, quarterly, or monthly, depending on the investment vehicle. In general, the more frequently compounding occurs, the faster your money will grow.
Compound interest can make a significant difference to the growth of your wealth. Whether you’re investing in stocks, bonds, or other financial instruments, the power of compound interest allows your money to work harder for you, potentially accelerating your journey towards financial freedom.
The Importance of Time in Wealth Building
A critical factor in maximizing the benefits of compounding and compound interest is time. The earlier you start investing, the longer your money has to grow, and the more substantial the compounding effect becomes. This is sometimes referred to as the ‘time value of money’.
For example, let’s compare two imaginary investors, Jane and Bob. Jane starts investing £1,000 per year at the age of 25 and continues until she’s 35, contributing a total of £11,000. Bob, on the other hand, starts investing the same amount at 35 and continues till he’s 65, contributing a total of £31,000.
Assuming an annual return of 7%, Jane’s investments will grow significantly more than Bob’s due to the extra years of compounding, despite the fact she invested £20,000 less than Bob in total. In this scenario, Jane’s investment would grow to over £193,000 by the time she is 65, while Bob’s would reach around £148,000. The difference is striking and emphasizes the importance of an early start in wealth building.
Key Steps for Investors
Start Early: The earlier you begin investing, the more time your money has to compound and grow. Even small amounts invested regularly can lead to substantial wealth over the long term.
Reinvest Earnings: Instead of cashing out your investment earnings, reinvest them to take full advantage of compounding. Reinvesting dividends and interest compounds your returns, accelerating wealth accumulation.
Diversify Your Portfolio: A diversified investment portfolio helps spread risk and enhances long-term returns. Consider a mix of stocks, bonds and other assets to optimize your investment strategy.
Stay Disciplined: Consistency is key when it comes to compounding. Stick to your investment plan, contribute regularly, and avoid unnecessary withdrawals to maximize the long-term benefits.
Practical Examples
Although compounding is often discussed in regard to cash savings, as indicated above the principle applies very much with stock-market-type investments as well.
To take one example from my own experience, regular readers will be aware that I have some money in the P2P property investment platform Assetz Exchange [referral link]. This platform specializes in relatively low-risk social housing projects where rents are typically paid by charities and housing associations or the government (e.g. asylum seeker hostels). Here is a link to my original review of Assetz Exchange.
With all my AE investments, I receive pro rata rental distributions every month. My investment is quite modest so these aren’t huge amounts in themselves. But once they have added up to a reasonable sum (say £10 or more) I reinvest them in another AE project or increase my holding in an existing one. From the following month I then start receiving distributions from these investments as well. That means my investment and monthly returns are building steadily, month by month, through the power of compounding.
Obviously that’s just one example. But Assetz Exchange works particularly well for this, as the minimum investment per project is so low (as little as 80p in some cases). So even if you are only investing relatively small amounts like me, you can still harness the power of compounding to grow your money.
That’s just one possible approach, of course. Another would be to invest in dividend-paying shares and reinvest the dividends when they arrive in more such shares. This approach to investment was discussed a while ago on PAS in a guest post by Lewys Lew.
Whatever your chosen investment vehicle, reinvesting your interest, income or dividends will help you grow it faster using the power of compounding.
Final Thoughts
As I hope I’ve shown in this post, the power of compounding and compound interest is a wealth-building secret every investor should embrace.
By understanding these concepts and implementing a disciplined and long-term investment strategy, you can harness the power of compounding to achieve your financial goals.
Start early, stay committed, and let compounding work its magic on your road to financial success 🙂
As always, if you have any comments or questions about this post, please do leave them below.
Disclaimer: I am not a qualified financial adviser and nothing in this blog post should be construed as personal financial advice. Everyone should do their own ‘due diligence’ before investing and seek professional advice if in any doubt how best to proceed. All investing carries a risk of loss.
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Let me tell you about my dad. He was a kind, thoughtful man and I learned many important things from him. But money was, sadly, never his strong point.
Here’s an example. Quite a few years ago a family member persuaded him to invest all his spare cash in a media services business a friend of a friend was setting up.
I didn’t hear about this till after the investment had been made. But even though I was much younger then, I could still see it was insanely risky.
It was a new business with no track record. And Dad knew nothing whatsoever about the media – he was a carpet-fitter turned hydraulic machinery salesman. And perhaps sensing that his wife (my stepmother) would disapprove, he didn’t actually bother to tell her about it.
For the next year or so, any time my partner Jayne and I went to visit, Dad would find an opportunity to take us aside at some point to give us an update. Inevitably this would begin with a conspiratorial, “Don’t tell Shirley, but…”
At first the news seemed encouraging, but soon it became clear the business was going south and Dad’s money was going with it. I’ll never know the full story, but it seemed to me he was badly advised (to put it kindly) by the relative concerned and quite probably cheated by the main shareholder, though it was all technically within the law.
Eventually he had to confess to my stepmother that he had lost most of their life savings. This inevitably caused a rift between them and had further ramifications that continued for the rest of their lives.
This whole incident was, of course, deeply traumatic for the whole family. The one good thing it taught me was the folly of putting all your eggs in one basket when investing.
I vowed I would never make that mistake with my own investments and have therefore always aimed to diversify as widely as possible. To date that principle has served me well.
How to Diversify
There is no one single recipe for successfully diversifying your investments, but here are some guidelines I have tried to follow myself.
Don’t even think about investing until you have paid off any interest-charging debts. You should also have at least three months’ of income in easily accessible form in case of sudden, unexpected emergencies. An instant access cash ISA (see below) might fit the bill.
Don’t invest more than a small proportion of your portfolio in single company shares. You will get much better diversification by investing in a fund that includes a broad range of shares and other investment products.
Aim to invest not only across different companies but different countries, sectors, industries, and so on. A well-diversified global fund can do this for you.
Make full use of your tax-free ISA allowance. This is currently a generous £20,000 a year. Investing via a reputable stocks and shares ISA can save you thousands of pounds in tax.
For further diversification you might also consider investing a small amount in an Innovative Finance ISA. IFISAs let you invest in peer-to-peer lending. While riskier than bank savings, the potential returns from this are also better. Each year you are allowed to invest in one IFISA as well as one stocks and shares ISA and one cash ISA, as long as you keep within the annual £20,000 limit. [Note: the rule about only investing in one of each type of ISA per year is being abolished from the start of the 2024/25 financial year.]
With a well-diversified portfolio, you greatly improve the chances that if one or more of your investments fails to perform, others will compensate. And whatever happens in the world, your overall investment pot will hopefully build over the years into a substantial sum.
Whatever you do, though, pleasedon’t make my dad’s mistake and put all your money into a single business (or other investment), especially if it’s one you don’t understand. That really is the fast track to a financial meltdown!
Disclaimer: I am not a qualified financial adviser and nothing in this post should be construed as personal financial advice. All investment carries a risk of loss. You should always do your own ‘due diligence’ before investing and consult a professional financial adviser if in any doubt how best to proceed.
This is an updated version of an article originally published on the Mouthy Money website.
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For many of us 2023 was another difficult year. While the pandemic receded, we now face a cost-of-living crisis driven especially by rising gas and electricity costs.
With the festive season behind us now and the worst months of the winter still (probably) to come, many of us are understandably desperate for something to look forward to in the year ahead.
Some will be planning to go abroad, perhaps for the first time since the pandemic. But others may be deterred by the cost of going overseas and the additional hassles it may (still) entail.
So today I thought I’d share links to my blog posts about some UK holiday destinations I’ve visited in the last few years, in case you wish to consider them for short breaks – or longer – in the year ahead. Clicking on any of the links below will open my post about the place concerned in a new tab, so you won’t have to keep clicking the Back button to return here.
Llandudno in North Wales is somewhere I have been visiting regularly for over ten years now. It’s a traditional British seaside resort with a long pier, Punch and Judy show, sweeping promenade, and plenty more (you can see the stunning Victorian seafront in the cover image). It’s very popular with both older people and young families. As well as my main review, my October 2020 Coronavirus Crisis Experience Update includes details of a short break I enjoyed there just before the Welsh government imposed another lockdown 😮
Minehead is a North Somerset coastal town. I enjoyed a short break there in 2020 as well, at a time when lockdown rules were relaxed. It was my first visit to Minehead and I particularly enjoyed visiting the National Trust property Dunster Castle, which is just a couple of miles down the road. Sadly the West Somerset Railway which starts (or ends) in Minehead was closed due to the pandemic when I went, but I’d love to go back for a trip on this heritage steam railway sometime in the future.
Aberystwyth is in mid-Wales on the Cardigan Bay coast. I have visited it three times now, the first two staying at the Marine Hotel and the most recent at a self-catering apartment called Sea Brin. Aberystwyth is quieter and less commercialized than Llandudno (mentioned above), and the fact it’s a university town means it has quite a cosmopolitan feeling. It’s a good place to chill out, but there are plenty of interesting things to see and do as well.
I visited Aberdovey for the first time in April 2023. It’s a small town on the mid-Wales coast. It’s about ten miles north of Aberystwyth and five miles south of Tywyn, the home of the Talyllyn Railway (see below). It’s a charming, laid-back place, perfect for a relaxing short break. It has a beautiful beach (with watersports for those who want them) and some great cafes and restaurants. I wouldn’t go there for the night-life, though – even the chip shop closes at 8 pm!
I had a particular reason to visit Hewenden MIll Cottages, as my sister Liz and her family live just a couple of miles down the road in Wilsden. Even if I didn’t have family connections, though, I would definitely recommend them for a short break. The accommodation consists of a converted mill and a number of former workers’ cottages, all in a beautiful woodland setting. The apartments and cottages are spacious and well equipped. From here you can visit Haworth – home of the Bronte sisters – and the Victorian model village of Saltaire. The area is also great for walking and cycling.
I went back to Hewenden Mill in October 2021 for a family reunion. I stayed in a cottage on the main site (picture below). I went for a long weekend but ended up staying almost a week. This was from necessity rather than choice, as the petrol crisis struck and I was unable to buy fuel to get home. The management at Hewenden were wonderful, though, and said I could stay on as long as I needed for no further charge. I therefore recommend them even more highly now!
The Aberdunant Hall Holiday Park and Hotel (to give it its full name) is about four miles from the North Wales coastal town of Porthmadog You can stay in the hotel itself (which is quite compact) or in accommodation around the park. I stayed in what they call a Forest Pod, which is roughly the equivalent of half a caravan. It was okay for a short break but if you went as a couple the cramped conditions could put a strain on your relationship! If I went again I would book a room in the hotel or maybe one of the Woodland Escape Suites in the park. I still enjoyed my stay there, and found the location convenient for visiting a range of places including Portmeirion (where the sixties TV series The Prisoner was filmed) and the Ffestiniog Railway, which runs from Porthmadog to Baenau Ffestiniog. It’s also on the edge of Snowdonia, with lots of opportunities for walking and mountain climbing.
Lake Vyrnwy is a few miles over the border from Shropshire into Wales. I went there in 2019 after watching a TV show about the history of this artificial lake, which was originally created to provide a water supply for the people of Liverpool in the 19th century (it’s now naturalised and if you weren’t aware of its history you wouldn’t know it was man-made). I stayed at the Lake Vyrnwy Hotel and Spa, which is near the dam at the western end of the lake. This was originally built to accommodate senior managers and engineers on the construction project, though it has of course been extended and modernised many times since. If you want to visit Lake Vyrnwy, it’s the best (possibly the only) option. I happened to choose a bitterly cold weekend just before Easter for my visit, which spoiled it a bit. Still, I enjoyed the beautiful scenery and some great walks. It’s probably not a place to take children, however, as there might not be enough for them to do.
The Talyllyn Railway (also mentioned under Aberdovey) is a heritage steam railway in Wales. It starts in the town of Tywyn in mid-Wales, so in October 2018 I booked a short break there. To be honest there isn’t a great deal else to do in Tywyn, but it makes a good base for a day on the railway. And the railway itself takes you through some stunningly beautiful countryside. If you buy one of their very reasonably priced Day Rover tickets, you can get on and off at any station along the route. I highly recommend an hour or two at Dolgoch, which has some great walks and lovely waterfalls.
Warner Leisure Hotels have 16 country and coastal resort hotels across England and Wales. They have a strict adults-only policy, and appeal mainly to an older clientele (based on my experience, the average age is around seventy). As well as accommodation they offer a variety of leisure activities, including day trips, quizzes, guided walks, archery and bowls, social dancing, swimming, and so on. Most of these activities are included in the price, as is the evening entertainment. I have stayed at Bodelwyddan Castle in North Wales and Alvaston Hall in Cheshire. Some aspects I liked, others I wasn’t so keen on, as you can read in my review. You can also see their latest offers by clicking on the banner ad below [affiliate].
About four years ago I took a short break in the English Lake District. I stayed at the Waterhead Hotel, just south of Ambleside, at the north end of Lake Windermere (England’s largest lake). The hotel is located literally a few yards from the lake (hence the name, of course). If you haven’t visited the Lake District before, the area should definitely be on your ‘To Do’ list. There are many miles of beautiful countryside to explore, along with attractions such as Beatrix Potter’s house and Wray Castle. And, of course, you must buy a day ticket for the Windermere lake steamers. You can travel the length of the lake in style on these vessels, while sipping a hot chocolate (or something stronger) and listening to commentary on the scenery passing alongside. Highly recommended 🙂
I visited the Isle of Man for the first time in April 2024, staying in the island capital Douglas. I went on a heritage-railway-themed break offered by Newmarket Holidays. So naturally I had trips on the Isle of Man Steam Railway and also the Manx Electric Railway. The latter takes you from Douglas to Laxey and onward to Ramsey. Laxey is the home of the iconic Lady Isabella waterwheel, the largest working waterwheel in the world. The IOM is about the same latitude as Liverpool so obviously the weather can be variable, but I was lucky enough to get wall-to-wall sunshine during my stay. I flew to the island from Birmingham Airport which took about 45 minutes, but you can also get a ferry from Heysham or Liverpool. The Isle of Man is charming and verdant, and largely unspoiled. Definitely worth considering if you’re looking for something a little bit different for a short (or longer) holiday.
I visited Lanbedrog for the first time in July 2021. It’s a village on the Llyn (or Lleyn) Peninsula in NW Wales. I stayed at an Airbnb property, the first time I had done this (Llanbedrog doesn’t have any hotels as far as I know). It’s by the coast, roughly half way between Pwllheli (famed for its Butlins camp, now run by Haven Holidays) and trendy Abersoch. It has a beautiful sandy beach which would be perfect for families with young children (or grandchildren). I very much enjoyed my three-night stay and found it a perfect place to relax and chill out after months of lockdown. The National Trust mansion (and garden) Plas yn Rhiw is about seven miles away.
I stayed in Criccieth in North Wales for the first time in June 2022, although I have visited the town in the past. It is a lovely place to relax and chill out. It has excellent road and rail connections, and there are also some high-quality tourist attractions nearby, including Portmeirion and the Ffestiniog Railway. Criccieth itself is best known for its castle which dominates the town. Although it’s a ruin, many of the walls are still standing and you can enjoy some amazing views across the bay, as far as Harlech Castle and beyond.
I visited Lavenham in Suffolk for the first time in August 2022. It is said to be England’s best-preserved medieval town, with over 300 listed, timber-framed houses. There are various historic buildings such as the Guildhall and Little Hall you can look around. Lavenham also boasts a variety of highly rated pubs and restaurants, and some lovely tea rooms and coffee houses as well! 🍮
Barmouth is a traditional Welsh seaside resort about ten miles south of Harlech. I visited in September 2022, staying at an elegant Victorian Gothic hotel called Tyr Graig Castle. Barmouth has a clean, attractive promenade and beautiful sandy beach which goes out a long way. There is plenty to do for families, including a funfair and amusement arcades. There are various restaurants and fast food outlets along the seafront. There is also a railway station with regular trains to Pwllheli in one direction and Aberystwyth and beyond in the other. Nearby attractions include Harlech Castle, Portmeirion and the Fairbourne miniature steam railway 🚂
I visited the historic city of Bath in June 2023. There is lots to see and do, although top of many people’s lists will be the stunning Roman Baths. Bath Abbey is well worth a look too, and you can admire the beautiful Georgian architecture around the city for free! Read my top tips for anyone visiting Bath in this post, including the excellent self-catering accommodation I stayed at.
Other Resources
Here are links to a few other blog posts that may be of interest if you are planning a UK holiday this year…
In recent years Airbnb has become increasingly popular for self-catering holidays. You can book anything from a spare room in someone’s home to a whole house or apartment. My recent short breaks in Lavenham and Llanbedrog (see list above) were in Airbnb properties. You can read all about the booking process in my post.
Finding a cashpoint in an unfamiliar town (or village) can be challenging, so you might find this free app a useful resource to download. It has helped me avoid embarrassment on several occasions.
If your thoughts are turning further afield, you may be considering a cruise holiday as an option. Even if you can’t go abroad, I can testify from personal experience that a cruise of the British Isles (like these, perhaps) can be very enjoyable and enlightening. My blog post sets out a range of tips and advice that will be particularly relevant for first-time and solo cruisers.
Finally, coach holidays are another very popular option among older people especially. I don’t have much experience of this myself, but my friends at Over 60s Discounts have a great article about coach holidays for over-60s in the UK. This includes a list of popular UK destinations and details of several companies offering low-cost coach holidays.
Closing Thoughts
I hope you have enjoyed reading this post and it has given you a few ideas for UK vacations (I refuse to call them ‘staycations’, as in my view that means staying at home for a holiday, and we’ve all had enough of that!).
Obviously I am a 60-something male and nowadays usually travel on my own. So if your circumstances are different from mine, I understand that some of the destinations mentioned above might not hold as much appeal. In addition, I live in Staffordshire, so the places I go are all reasonably accessible from there.
Finally – as I noticed when reading back my list – I do have a bit of a penchant for places with heritage steam railways nearby, so please bear that in mind as well 😀
Of course, I’d love to hear your views about any of the destinations mentioned, or any other places in the UK you would recommend for a short break or longer holiday. Please leave any comments or questions below as usual.
Note: This is a fully revised update of a post originally published in February 2021.
As you may have heard, from January 1, 2025, digital platforms like eBay, Etsy and Airbnb will be required to collect additional information from sellers, including number of sales and amount of income generated.
This data will be automatically shared with HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) by January 31, 2025, covering the 2024 calendar year. HMRC will then compare this against their records to see if any tax may be due.
This news has caused some consternation on messageboards and social media, with many who have ‘side hustles’ to help pay the bills worried they may be hit by an unexpected tax demand. Some of this concern may be justified, but (thankfully) much of it isn’t.
So today I thought I’d explain what’s actually happening and how you can minimize your tax liability from side hustles and reduce the risk of unwanted attention from the taxman (while staying within the law, of course).
So What’s Happening?
Digital platforms will automatically share seller information with HMRC if a seller has made 30 or more sales a year or earned over €2,000 (approximately £1,700).
The reporting threshold is set in Euro as this is a multi-national initiative by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) which aims to tackle tax evasion globally. The new rules apply to various digital platforms, defined as any app, website or software connecting sellers to consumers of goods and services.
It’s important to understand that this is a reporting change and not a change in tax law. If you didn’t have to declare certain earnings or pay tax on them before, that remains the case now. In particular, if you are selling personal possessions you no longer want/need – as opposed to items you bought with a view to selling them for profit – that wouldn’t normally count as trading and no tax would be due.
The other important exemption is that everyone in the UK has an annual trading allowance of £1,000. This means you are allowed to make up to £1,000 (gross) per year from self-employed work including side hustles. If your total annual income by this means is below £1,000, there is no need to declare it to HMRC or pay tax on it (even if you have a separate day job). Note, however, that in the case of online auction trading, that £1,000 is income before any platform fees and other selling costs are deducted.
If your taxable earnings from a side hustle are over £1,000 a year, you will need to notify HMRC via a self-assessment tax return. You will then be required to pay income tax on this, unless your total taxable earnings from all sources are below the personal tax-free allowance (currently £12,570).
Top Tips
As promised, here are some tips to help you negotiate the rules surrounding side hustles, minimize any potential tax liability, and reduce the chances of attracting unwanted attention from HMRC, all while staying within the law.
Keep careful records of all your business activities. That includes activities that you don’t believe count as trading, e.g. selling your unwanted possessions. You may need this info if you are challenged by HMRC.
In particular, keep a running record of total sales and number of transactions on platforms such as eBay. If you’re having a clear-out, it won’t be hard to exceed the 30-item or €2,000 limit that will trigger a report to HMRC. As mentioned above, if you’re just selling your old stuff, there shouldn’t be any tax liability. But you might understandably prefer to avoid having to field queries from HMRC about your selling activities.
It might therefore be a good idea to use a variety of platforms for selling your stuff rather than just one. So instead of just eBay, use other similar sites such as Facebook Marketplace, Gumtree, Vinted, Craigslist, Ziffit, eBid, and so on. Aim to keep your total sales on any one platform to under 30 and under €2,000 in total.
If you are selling items you have made yourself (e.g. clothing or jewellery) on websites like Etsy, be aware that this will also usually count as trading and any profits may be taxable. Again you can claim the £1,000 trading allowance, though.
If you think what you are doing counts as trading, monitor when your gross annual income (or turnover if you prefer) is approaching £1,000. At this point you might prefer to ‘shut up shop’ until the following year. Otherwise you will need to declare your earnings to the taxman and (if required) pay tax on them.
Be aware that cashback earned through websites such as Quidco and Top Cashback is not taxable. Neither is the cashback paid with certain bank accounts.
Note also that lottery and competition prizes are not generally taxable in the UK. Neither are gambling wins (not that I recommend this) or any profits made through matched betting.
I hope this article will have clarified the situation for you if you’re pursuing a side hustle or considering doing so. As I said earlier, the tax rules haven’t changed, but with the new reporting regime it’s more important than ever to understand what the tax and trading rules are and ensure you stay within them.
If you have any comments or queries, as always, feel free to leave them below. Please note that I am not a tax professional, however, and cannot answer detailed questions about your personal financial circumstances. As I said in this blog post a while ago, if you need advice with tax matters, in my view a qualified accountant should always be your first port of call.
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In my post today I’m focusing on the trading and investment platform eToro. I originally reviewed eToro in this post.
eToro is a global fintech company with its HQ in Israel. The company has registered offices in Cyprus, the UK, the US and Australia. It is a hugely popular platform with 25 million customers from over 140 countries across the world. They offer a range of share trading and investment services.
eToro is regulated and authorised in the UK by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) and is covered by the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS). That means if eToro were to go bust any cash deposits with them up to £85,000 would be protected. Of course, the FSCS doesn’t protect you if you lose money simply due to your investments performing poorly.
What is Copy Trading?
Copy trading is a very popular feature of eToro. As mentioned, it allows you to automatically copy the trades of established eToro investors and benefit from the profits they (hopefully) make.
eToro has hundreds, probably thousands, of approved ‘popular investors’ whose trades you can copy automatically on the platform. They each have a profile page where you can find out more about them and their investment strategy.
On a trader’s profile page you can see various stats about them, including how many copiers they have and how many people are following them. You can also check their profits over various timeframes (though of course this is no guarantee of how successful they will be in the future).
eToro operates in US Dollars, though that isn’t an issue for UK investors (see tips, below). There’s a minimum investment of $200 (around £165) for copy trading. However, many approved traders recommend a higher minimum than this. That’s because, when you sign up to copy a trader, eToro automatically duplicates all of that person’s trades in proportion to the size of your investment.
eToro has a minimum investment size of $1 and if a trade would work out less than that pro rata it won’t be executed. It follows that traders whose strategies typically involve placing large numbers of relatively small trades generally recommend a higher minimum starting investment.
One of the biggest attractions of copy trading is that no charges are payable. The traders in question receive commission from eToro for the business they bring in for the company. So in effect you are getting privileged access to the skills and expertise of these people at no cost to yourself.
You are allowed to copy up to 100 different popular investors, though you can of course start with just one.
How to Copy a Trader
Before you can start copy trading, you will need to register for an account with eToro and deposit some funds with them. I talked about this in my original eToro review.
Once you have done this, you can check out popular investors on the platform by clicking on Discover in the left-hand menu of your dashboard when logged on, then clicking on CopyTrader near the top.
A new page will open showing the most popular copy traders and also those whose copier numbers are currently growing the fastest (probably due to good recent performance). Here’s a screen capture showing part of this page at the time of writing:
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You can also use the search facility to search for popular investors according to where they are based, what they invest in, and how much profit they have made within a certain period.
Once you’ve found an investor you want to copy, click on the green ‘Copy’ button on their profile page. A pop-up box such as the one below will then appear. Enter the total amount you want to invest at the top.
You also have to choose whether you want to copy all existing open positions as well as new ones. ‘Copy Open Trades’ is the default, and if you want to do this you should leave the box in question ticked. If you uncheck the box, only new trades opened after you start investing will be copied.
One drawback with copying all open positions is that you’ll be investing in these trades at the current price, whatever it is, instead of the price when the trader concerned opened their position. If the price has gone up since then, the profit potential may be less. On the other hand, if you opt only to copy new trades, it may be some time before your money is fully invested. There are pros and cons either way, but ultimately the longer you stay invested, the less difference this decision is likely to make.
Another choice to make here concerns the CopyTrader Stop Loss (CSL). If your copy value falls by that amount, the CSL will automatically terminate the copy relationship and return the remaining money to your eToro balance. You can set this figure anywhere between 5% and 95%. My advice is not to set it too high, as even a brief ‘wobble’ will then trigger the stop loss and crystallize your losses (see tips, below).
If any of the above sounds at all daunting, note that everyone on eToro also gets a $100,000 virtual portfolio to practise with. You can copy trade using this virtual money to see how the process works and what returns you make.
My Experience of Copy Trading
In June 2022 I invested $500 (then about £412) copying a Netherlands-based eToro trader called Aukie2008 (real name Mike Moest). I chose him for various reasons, including his eToro profit record and the number of followers he had already.
On his profile page he came across as a likeable, straight-talking individual, as well as being an experienced and knowledgeable trader. He posted regular updates on his strategies and on investing generally. I also liked the fact that he always took the trouble to answer questions posted by his followers. His recommended minimum starting investment was $500.
Unsurprisingly in these volatile times, my investment has been up and down, but it is currently (after 18 months) about $125 (25%) in profit. All things considered I am very happy with that.
In due course I may top up my copy trading investment with Aukie2008. I may also diversify my investments, either by following another approved trader or perhaps via another themed smart portfolio. As regular PAS readers will know, a few months ago I invested $500 in the Oil Worldwide smart portfolio. As the screen capture below shows, this has done okay, though not as well as my copy trading investment. It’s still early days, though.
Top Tips for Copy Traders
Here are some top tips to help you make the most of the copy trading facility on eToro. These are based partly on my own experiences, but also on other comments and advice I have seen.
As mentioned above, check the minimum recommended investment for any trader you are thinking of following and be sure to invest this amount of money or more.
Note also the risk score assigned by eToro. Each approved trader is allocated a score between 1 and 10, with 1 representing very low risk and 10 the highest. Scores are based on the number, size and type of trading activities they engage in. If you are just starting out you might prefer to begin with someone relatively low risk (say 5 or lower) and work up from there as you gain experience on the platform.
Other things being equal, when following a trader I recommend choosing ‘Copy Open Trades’. This will ensure all your money is put to work immediately. As mentioned above, it does mean some positions may not have the same profit potential as when they were opened, but the longer you remain invested, the less this will matter overall.
Also, as mentioned earlier, don’t set your CSL too high. Doing so will mean even a slight wobble may trigger your stop loss and crystallize your losses. Personally I wouldn’t set this figure any higher than 70%, but it’s your decision, of course, based on your tolerance for risk.
To keep currency conversion costs to a minimum, I strongly recommend opening a separate eToro Money account. This will allow you to deposit instantly to your eToro account without paying currency conversion fees or charges.
Remember one key principle of successful investing is diversification. You should therefore consider copying a number of traders with different investment strategies rather than just one. In addition, eToro offers a range of other investment opportunities as well, including individual company shares and themed portfolios.
Even though you’re following an approved trader, you should still monitor his/her results carefully and be prepared to switch if it seems they are losing their touch.
I recommend reading all the updates on the trader’s profile page too. Not only do these provide valuable background about their strategies, you can also learn a lot about the thought processes of professional traders.
Finally, don’t forget that everyone on eToro also gets a $100,000 virtual portfolio to practise with. You can use this to try out copy trading or any other type of investment without risking any real money.
Closing Thoughts
If you’re looking for an interesting (and somewhat unusual) investment opportunity, copy trading on eToro is certainly worth considering.
In effect, your portfolio is managed on your behalf by an experienced professional trader, whose expertise you get access to at no direct cost to yourself. There are plenty of approved traders to choose from, and you can study their past performance and personal updates via their profile pages before picking one (or more) to follow.
As always, if you have any questions or comments about this article, please do post them below.
Disclaimer: I am not a qualified financial adviser and nothing in this blog post should be construed as personal financial advice. Everyone should do their own ‘due diligence’ before investing and seek professional advice if in any doubt how best to proceed. All investing carries a risk of loss.
Note also that this post includes affiliate links. If you click through and perform a qualifying transaction, I may receive a commission for introducing you. This will not affect the product or service you receive or the terms you are offered.
This is a fully updated version of my original (2022) blog post about copy trading on eToro.
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I’ll begin as usual with my Nutmeg Stocks and Shares ISA. This is the largest investment I hold other than my Bestinvest SIPP (personal pension).
As the screenshot below for the year to date shows, my main Nutmeg portfolio is currently valued at £22,292. Last month it stood at £21,282 so that is an increase of £1,010.
Apart from my main portfolio, I also have a second, smaller pot using Nutmeg’s Smart Alpha option. This is now worth £3,501 compared with £3,351 a month ago, a rise of £150. Here is a screen capture showing performance since the start of this year.
Finally, at the start of December I invested £500 in one of Nutmeg’s new thematic portfolios (discussed further below). This has now grown to £523, an increase of £23 or 4.6%. That would equate to an annual interest rate of just over 55%. Naturally I don’t expect that to happen in reality!
December was obviously another very good month for my Nutmeg investments. Excluding my new thematic portfolio, their total net value rose by £1,160 or 4.71% month on month. That represents an increase of £2,872 (12.53%) since 1st January 2023. If you add in the increase in value of my thematic portfolio as well (£23), that gives a total increase of £2,895 since the start of the year.
This is obviously a much more positive outcome than appeared likely just a few months ago. It clearly demonstrates the importance of taking a long-time view where investing is concerned and not panicking when the inevitable downturns occur.
As regards thematic portfolios, I discuss these in more detail in my full Nutmeg review. Personally I opted for Resource Transformation. Nutmeg’s description of this portfolio is copied below:
As the global population has risen, so has our demand for energy and resources. In recent years, the way we use resources has also shifted to meet changing consumer demands and national policy shifts towards a lower carbon future.
This theme aims to provide exposure to companies that will participate in these changes and service our energy and material needs in the future. This includes the next generation of energy production, which includes renewables and non-renewables, the mining of metals and materials needed for mass-market electrification, and the treatment and transportation of water.
This appealed to me for various reasons. Clearly energy production will be crucial in the coming decades as the world attempts to transition away from fossil fuels. But I also like the fact that the portfolio includes both renewable and non-renewable energy providers. Realistically we are still going to require fossil fuels for many years, not least to keep the lights on when the wind doesn’t blow and the sun doesn’t shine.
The Resource Transformation portfolio offers plenty of diversification, with all investments in the form of ETFs (exchange traded funds). In addition, only a maximum of 20% of your investment will be in ETFs specific to the theme, with the other 80% more broadly diversified. Actual percentages depend on the risk level you choose. I went for the highest (10/10), so 20% of my investment will be in RT-themed ETFs. But if I’d opted for a lower risk level the proportion of my investment dedicated specifically to the theme would have been less (down to 10% for the lowest risk level, which is 5 for thematic portfolios).
If you are new to thematic investing and want to dip a toe in the water, it does seem to me that Nutmeg thematic investments could be a good, relatively low risk way of doing so, with plenty of diversification. Though of course there are never any guarantees where investing is concerned and you can always lose money when doing this.
You can read my full Nutmeg review here (including a special offer at the end for PAS readers). If you are looking for a home for your annual ISA allowance, based on my overall experience over the last seven years, they are certainly worth considering. They offer self-invested personal pensions (SIPPs), Lifetime ISAs and Junior ISAs as well.
I also have investments with the property crowdlending platform Kuflink. They continue to do well, with new projects launching every week. I currently have around £1,600 invested with them in 10 different projects paying interest rates averaging around 7%. I also have around £300 in my Kuflink cash account, after a couple of other loans were paid off with interest. I will probably withdraw this to help pay for a holiday in 2024 🙂
To date I have never lost any money with Kuflink, though some loan terms have been extended once or twice. On the plus side, when this happens additional interest is paid for the period in question.
There is now an initial minimum investment of £1,000 and a minimum investment per project of £500. Kuflink say they are doing this to streamline their operation and minimize costs. I can understand that, though it does mean that the option to test the water with a small first investment has been removed. It also makes it harder for small investors (like myself) to build a well-diversified portfolio on a limited budget.
One possible way around this is to invest using Kuflink’s Auto/IFISA facility. Your money here is automatically invested across a basket of loans over a period from one to three years. Interest rates currently range from 7% for one year to 9.83% gross for a three-year term.
You can invest tax-free in a Kuflink Auto IFISA. Or if you have already used your annual iFISA allowance elsewhere, you can invest via a taxable Auto account. You can read my full Kuflink review here if you wish.
Moving on, my Assetz Exchange investments continue to generate steady returns. Regular readers will know that this is a P2P property investment platform focusing on lower-risk properties (e.g. sheltered housing). I put an initial £100 into this in mid-February 2021 and another £400 in April. In June 2021 I added another £500, bringing my total investment up to £1,000.
Since I opened my account, my AE portfolio has generated a respectable £155.08 in revenue from rental income. As I said in last month’s update, capital growth has slowed, though, in line with UK property values generally.
At the time of writing, 7 of ‘my’ properties are showing gains, 1 is breaking even, and the remaining 19 are showing losses. My portfolio is currently showing a net decrease in value of £42.61, meaning that overall (rental income minus capital value decrease) I am up by £112.47. That’s still a decent return on my £1,000 and does illustrate the value of P2P property investments for diversifying your portfolio. And it doesn’t hurt that with Assetz Exchange most projects are socially beneficial as well.
As mentioned last time, I recently reinvested £40 of my rental income from Assetz Exchange in a house for asylum seekers in Sunderland. This property is being managed by Mears on behalf of the Home Office, so I think the chances of them going into default are pretty remote! My £40 investment in this property has already increased in value by 54p and I have received 22p in revenue. It all helps 🙂
The overall fall in capital value of my AE investments is obviously a little disappointing. But it’s important to remember that until/unless I choose to sell the investments in question, it is largely theoretical, based on the most recent price at which shares in the property concerned have changed hands. The rental income, on the other hand, is real money (which in my case I’ve reinvested in other AE projects to further diversify my portfolio).
To control risk with all my property crowdfunding investments nowadays, I invest relatively modest amounts in individual projects. This is a particular attraction of AE as far as i am concerned (especially now that Kuflink have raised their minimum investment per project to £500). You can actually invest from as little as 80p per property if you really want to proceed cautiously.
Last year I set up an account with investment and trading platform eToro, using their popular ‘copy trader’ facility. I chose to invest $500 (then about £412) copying an experienced eToro trader called Aukie2008 (real name Mike Moest).
In January 2023 I added to this with another $500 investment in one of their thematic portfolios, Oil Worldwide. I also invested a small amount I had left over in Tesla shares.
As you can see from the screen captures below, my original investment totalling $1,022.26 is today worth $1,224.88, an overall increase of $202.62 or 19.82%. In these turbulent times I am very happy with that.
eToro also recently introduced the eToro Money app. This allows you to deposit money to your eToro account without paying any currency conversion fees, saving you up to £5 for every £1,000 you deposit. You can also use the app to withdraw funds from your eToro account instantly to your bank account. I tried this myself and was impressed with how quickly and seamlessly it worked. You can read my blog post about eToro Money here.
I had two more articles published in December on the excellent Mouthy Money website. The first is How to Make Money Teaching English Online. As I say in the article, this can be an excellent home-based money-making opportunity which offers great personal satisfaction as well. Prior teaching experience isn’t necessarily required, though if you have some it will certainly help.
Also in December Mouthy Money published my Christmas Gift Guide for Older People. Obviously Christmas has now passed. But if you are looking for gift ideas for older friends and relatives (maybe for birthdays or anniversaries) you may still find this a good source of inspiration 🙂
As I’ve said before, Mouthy Money is a great resource for anyone interested in money-making and money-saving. I particularly like the ‘Deals of the Week’ feature compiled by Jordon Cox (‘Britain’s Coupon Kid’) which lists all the best current money-saving offers for savvy shoppers. Check out the latest edition here.
Mouthy Money are also currently running a competition to win one of five free copies of Freedom: Earn It, Keep It, Grow It by Robert Gardner (see Amazon image link below). Visit this page of the Mouthy Money website for further info and to enter.
I also published several posts on Pounds and Sense in December. I won’t bother mentioning those that are out of date now, but the others are listed below.
I guess My Top 20 Posts of 2023 is self-explanatory. The posts are chosen based on comments, page-views and social media shares. They are in no particular order and I excluded any that were no longer relevant. I hope you may enjoy revisiting these posts, or seeing them for the first time if you are new to PAS.
On other matters, the opportunity to get a free share worth up to £100 with Trading 212 has reopened. If you haven’t done this before, you can get a free share worth up to £100. You just have to sign up on the website and deposit a minimum of £1 into your account. This offer is running till 27 January 2024. See Get a Free Share Worth up to £100 with Trading 212 for more info.
You can also still Get a Free ETF Share Worth up to £200 with Wealthyhood. This DIY wealth-building app is aimed especially at people new to stock market investing. The minimum investment to qualify for the free share offer is £50 – but on the plus side, they now guarantee your free ETF share will be worth at least £10.
I wanted to mention as well that I am still using and getting good results from the cashback app JamDoughnut. You can see my review of JamDoughnut here, along with a referral code that will get you a £2 bonus when you sign up. To be honest I’m a bit surprised more PAS readers haven’t taken advantage of this opportunity. Not only can you get discounts of up to 20% using the app, they also hold regular contests and promotions offering additional bonuses and discounts.
Finally, a quick reminder that you can also follow Pounds and Sense on Facebook or Twitter/X. Twitter/X is my number one social media platform these days and I post regularly there. I share the latest news and information on financial (and other) matters, and other things that interest, amuse or concern me. So if you aren’t following my PAS account, you are definitely missing out!
That’s all for today, so I will close by wishing you a very happy and prosperous new year. As always, if you have any comments or queries, feel free to leave them below. I am always delighted to hear from PAS readers
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I also published several posts on Pounds and Sense in December. I won’t bother mentioning those that are out of date now, but the others are listed below.